International Marketing Essay examples - 481 Words

INTERNATIONAL MARKETING 92% of the world’s consumers live outside the U.S. Thus, international marketing is very important. When selling to foreign markets, one must realize that there are major differences between other countries amp; the U.S. Aside from political and legal differences, there are economic, technological, social (family, religion, education, health ...) amp; cultural differences. Each 1 billion in trade deficit yields a loss of 25,000 jobs. [See text for how international trade is measured and protectionism vs. free trade.] nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Gray Goods - Goods imported from unauthorized dealer; problem = no manufacturer’s warranty. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Dumping = Sale of export goods at less than†¦show more content†¦nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;2nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Adapt Only The Promotion - e.g., in most of the world, bicycles are promoted as transportation; in U.S. as leisure. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;3nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Adapt Only The Product - e.g., Canadians prefer a more bitter beer; Barbie looks Asian in Japan. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;4nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Adapt Promotion amp; Product - e.g., American cereals in Asia = snack food; therefore, need different flavors (e.g., tofu). nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;5nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Backward Invention - Simplify product amp; use less technology. This makes the product more affordable amp; usable in certain foreign markets. Some Ways To Operate In Foreign Markets nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;1nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Exporting - A company sells what it produces to foreign markets via export merchants (e.g., export trading companies) or export agents (e.g., export management companies) or a firm’s own sales branches. [Risk of tariff amp; devaluation.] nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;2nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Direct Investment amp; Ownership - Investment in production and or distribution facilities can occur either through a wholly-owned foreign subsidiary or a joint venture with a foreign company. [Risk of nationalization.] nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Joint Ventures - domestic amp; foreign firms become partners.Show MoreRelatedInternational Marketing4703 Words   |  19 PagesMateschitz, marketing guru, and Chaleo Yoovidhya, the owner of the Red Bull formula. Categorized as an energy drink, Red Bull was initially designed to â€Å"treat jet lag and boost energy for truck drivers† (Hollensen, 2012). In todays era, Red Bull is commonly used as an energy drink; like coffee, and as a mixer in alcoholic drinks, like Red Bull Wings and the Jà ¤gerbomb. This aligns with the companys focus on the younger generations of partygoers and post-secondary students.    Red Bull’s marketing strategyRead MoreInternational Marketing1975 Words   |  8 Pagesthe model of the international marketing task displayed in the text, which of the following reasons demonstrates the most important difference between the international marketer s task and that of the domestic marketer? (Points: 1) The international marketer must deal with at least two levels of uncontrollable uncertainty instead of one. The international marketer must rely on at least two levels of controllable certainty instead of one. The international marketer is neverRead MoreInternational Marketing3435 Words   |  14 PagesA firm s international marketing program must generally be modified and adapted to foreign markets. This international marketing program uses strategies to accomplish its marketing goals. Within each foreign nation, the firm is likely to find a combination of marketing environment and target markets that are different from those of its own home country and other foreign countries. It is important that in international marketing, product, pricing, distribution and promotional strategies beRead MoreImpact Of Marketing On International Marketing1194 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction 1 Company background and situational analysis in the context of international marketing environment 1 Impact of culture on international marketing strategy 1 Current marketing strategies of the corporation by taking into account the context of marketing research 2 Companies international market selection and entry strategies and marketing mixes 2 The influence of Electronic and digital marketing in an international context on the company’s current and future activities 2 Future directionsRead MoreMarketing Analysis : International Marketing1340 Words   |  6 Pagesin generation ,faster communication high end technology ,improved transport system are making international market more approachable. When businesses looking for global position then hunger give them brand awareness and cost effectiveness. The main process of international marketing is start from the domestic marketing to international marketing and after that try to reach global marketing. Global marketing always refers to the globalization. When its about identical product standardization is importantRead MoreInternational Marketing3763 Words   |  16 PagesChapter 78 – International Market selection and Entry Approaches to market selection ↠ incremental entry vs simultaneous entries ââ€" ¦ incremental → usually for small companies with fewer resources that wants to lower their risk preclude economies of scale. ââ€" ¦ simultaneous → extensive resource thus, resulting in higher operating risk, may decide to leverage across asia pacific area, facilitate economies of scale. ↠ Concentrated approach vs diversified approach ââ€" ¦ concentratedRead MoreMarketing Analysis : International Marketing1749 Words   |  7 Pages Midterm Report Individual Assignment Patrick Marco International Marketing - LMIB2 3rd November 2014 Professor David James Marketing is one of the most fundamental aspects in any business success. In fact it is what you say and the way you say it whilst trying to explain how a certain product or service is, giving your target audience reason why to use or purchase it. Marketing can be a bunch of things, whether promotion, an ad, a brochure or a press release. It can simplyRead MoreInternational Marketing1398 Words   |  6 PagesCase Study Mid Term: International Marketing Research at the Mayo Clinic Minashki Sinanan Summary The Mayo Clinic is a well-known health care provider that treats international and domestic, upper class society. An example of their consumer base is the President of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea, Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo, who was seen at the Rochester clinic in New York. Founded almost a Century ago by the â€Å"Mayo† family, these world renowned physicians travelled the world comparingRead MoreMarketing Principles : Marketing And International Marketing3590 Words   |  15 Pages Topic Marketing Principle: A In-depth Marketing Study Written By: Rahima Student ID: Module Name: Marketing Principles Submission Date: 1st April, 2015 Executive Summary: In the assignment I discussed about the marketing principles. I discussed the efficient domestic marketing and international marketing process in the whole assignment. In task 1 I discussed about the marketing and marketing elements. In task 2 I discussed about the macro and micro environmental factors of theRead MoreMarketing Analysis : International Marketing2073 Words   |  9 Pagesinternational marketing can include all these activites incluing licensing,importing and exporting, and franchising or the full direct entry of one country into another country for business objectives. This is achieved by one country exporting other countries’ products into its own business environment; it can also enter on franchising terms or through licensing in the country of interest, or direct investment in the foreign country. Market mix development involves product promotion, product pricing

Macro and Micro Causes of Financial Crisis Essay - 2230 Words

Corporate and Wholesale Finance - 12BSP053 â€Å"Since 2007 to mid 2009, global financial markets and systems have been in the grip of the worst financial crisis since the depression era of the late 1920s. Major Banks in the U.S., the U.K. and Europe have collapsed and been bailed out by state aid†. (Valdez and Molyneux, 2010) Identify the main macroeconomic and microeconomic causes that resulted in the above-mentioned crisis and make an assessment of the success or otherwise of the actions taken by the U.K government to resolve the problem. By Alistair Walters – A913910 1 Five years on from the beginning of the worst financial crisis he world has seen we are still in a perils state of low or negative growth and low interest†¦show more content†¦These low rates 120% 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 1987 effectively encouraged frivolous spending and heavy borrowing allowing people to live beyond their means. Low interest rates also increased the discount value of assets and therefore increased their value. This created a house price boom in the UK and US. It was in the US that this twined with high levels of borrowing created the subprime lending market, whereby individuals with poor or no credit history borrowed vast subs of money to buy 2001 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2003 1989 2005 2007 3 US UK EU The Causes of, and Response to, The Financial Crisis property. Lenders underwrote the loan against the value of the house with little concern for the ability to repay due to the booming property market and sold the debt as packaged securities on international capital markets spreading the debt overseas. Once the houseShow MoreRelatedIntroduction: The financial sector has been hit badly by the financial crisis in 2008. The1600 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: The financial sector has been hit badly by the financial crisis in 2008. The increased competition between banks induced executives to take excessive risk to maximize bank’s profit, as their performance compared to other competitors is measured by the revenues they achieve to financial institutions and its stock value (Kashyap, Rajan et al. 2008). Banks went into trouble especially after the expansion of mortgage finance and facilitating loans to homebuyers with the lowest possibleRead MoreCauses And Policies Of Financial Crises1701 Words   |  7 PagesCauses and Policies in Financial Crises Financial Crises are well-known phenomena in economics history; however, after the Great Financial Crisis of 2007-2009 the role that Central Banks play in order to prevent Financial Crises has been questioned. To begin with, it is important to understand that crises consist of highly complex macro-financial linkages that reflect the interactions between the financial sector and the real economy (Claessens 2012). Additionally, it is important to highlight twoRead MoreAir Asia1116 Words   |  5 Pageschallenges. These challenges can be from the internal and external resources. This can be very well explained with the Micro and the Macro environment factors: MICRO ENVIRONMENT Micro environment define as â€Å"The factors which are close to the company that affect its ability to serve its customers -the company, suppliers, marketing intermediaries, customer markets, competitors and public†. Micro environment in Air Asia can be define by using PORTERS 5 Industry forces: * Threat of New Entrants New entrantsRead MoreAir Asia1129 Words   |  5 Pages These challenges can be from the internal and external resources. This can be very well explained with the Micro and the Macro environment factors: MICRO ENVIRONMENT Micro environment define as â€Å"The factors which are close to the company that affect its ability to serve its customers -the company, suppliers, marketing intermediaries, customer markets, competitors and public†. Micro environment in Air Asia can be define by using PORTERS 5 Industry forces: * Threat of New Entrants New entrantsRead MoreEconomics : Economics And Micro Economics1238 Words   |  5 Pagesaround that. There are two types of economics, there is macro-economics and micro-economics. Macro-economics studies the economy as a whole, while micro-economics studies the smaller aspects of the economy. In the automotive world, the macro-economics part would evaluate how automobiles are selling, and micro-economics would evaluate how each vehicle is selling. Macro would see how a jump in gasoline prices would effect the economy, but micro would see how it would effect the consumers in generalRead MoreECON 350 Review Essay ----Athanasios Orphanides article Is Monetary Policy1400 Words   |  6 PagesECON 350 Review Essay ----Athanasios Orphanides article Is Monetary Policy Overburdened ? Summary Introduction: After the global financial crisis, the economies of many countries were stagnant, some companies closed down, many people lost their jobs, and governments needed to spend much money to help these companies and unemployed people which caused large government debts, the banks also faced to bankrupt. All of these problems caused the governments wish the monetaryRead MoreThe Main Costs And Benefits Of The Financial Sector Of Uk1976 Words   |  8 Pages1: Introduction The financial sector, which is seen as the brain of the economy, plays a pivotal role in providing and channeling finance for consumption and investment in UK economic system (Whittaker, 2002). It encompasses a broad range of financial institutions including banks, building societies, insurance companies and pension funds. Banks, which account for 57% of gross value added of the UK financial sector in 2011, are the key players in the UK financial system (Burgess, 2011). In fact, aRead MoreLenovo1745 Words   |  7 Pages SUMMERY-----------------------------------------------------------3 BRIEF INTRODUCTION----------------------------------------3 FINDINGS-----------------------------------------------------------3 1.The macro-marketing environment---------------------------------3 2. The micro-marketing environment--------------------------------4 3. Lenovos SWOT analysis----------------------------------------5 4. STP analysis-----------------------------------------------------5 CINCLURead MoreAirasia1488 Words   |  6 PagesYAN SCM 015157 DIPLOMA IN GRAPHIC DESIGN DATE: 10 OCTOBER 2012 LECTURER: MS. MAZLIZA ISMAIL Table of Contents Introduction 3 Questions for Discussion 1. What are the micro and macro environmental factors that have contributed to the early success of AirAsia? 4 2. Discuss the micro and macro factors that would affect AirAsia’s performance in the current competitive environment described in the case? 7 3. By focusing on low prices, has Airasia pursued the best strategyRead MoreLenovo1745 Words   |  7 PagesSUMMERY-----------------------------------------------------------3 BRIEF INTRODUCTION----------------------------------------3 FINDINGS-----------------------------------------------------------3 1.The macro-marketing environment---------------------------------3 2. The micro-marketing environment--------------------------------4 3. Lenovo s SWOT analysis----------------------------------------5 4. STP analysis-----------------------------------------------------5

Hopefully Looking Into the Future Haiti Free Essays

Hopefully Looking into the Future â€Å"Hope is the thing with feathers  /That perches in the soul  /And sings the tune without the words  /And never stops at all. †Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬â€œÃ‚  Emily Dickinson In Edwidge Danticat’s anthology, The Butterfly’s Way: Voices from the Haitian Dyaspora in the United States, different voices of the Haitian dyasporas tell their stories on how they have hope. Whether it be a young child looking for motherly love, seeking to win a soccer game or on an even bigger scale, or getting politically active and hope that what you have done pays off. We will write a custom essay sample on Hopefully Looking Into the Future: Haiti or any similar topic only for you Order Now Though Haiti is often associated with negative stereotypes, whether it be associated with AIDS or â€Å"the Phrase† which was Haiti: The Poorest Nation in the Western Hemisphere (Dreyfus 57), Haitian Americans tend to look on the bright side and turn out to be very optimistic. They are not the ones to just give up, they have come too far. The hope Emily Dickinson’s quote from her poem Hope is the thing with feathers   describes, is what the hope Haitians have. It gets buried within a person, that never succumbs. Throughout many essays, this point is clearly supported. Though their country may not be at its best, throughout the essays, Haitians as well as this part of the Haitian dyaspora, look to move forward and become successful by the migration to the United States. In many instances throughout the compilation of essays and poems, Haitian Americans share their stories on how they have this sense of hope. In â€Å"Restavek† , by Jean-Robert Cadet, the boy, despite the maltreatment of Florence, hopes that deep down she loves him and cares for him. In reality all she really does is abuses and uses him for what he’s supposed to be doing as a restavek child. Even til the end, when the boy knows how Florence treats him, he hopes that she had gotten him something for his ceremony. In â€Å"Bonne Annee†, Jean-Piere Benoit inserts a small anecdote that shows that, â€Å"Haitians hope even when there is no hope† (34). Interestingly enough, Benoit cleverly includes the brief anecdote of the soccer game of Italy versus Haiti right after he mentions Bebe Doc taking over his father, but right before states that Bebe Doc had fled the country, as if to enhance the meaning of it. By putting it in this order, you see that Haiti can, even if they end up losing they do have the potential. Jean- Claude fleeing the country gives rise to new hope among many Haitians, both in the ten departments of Haiti and in the eleventh department. As Benoit describes that even † a blizzard in New York [†¦ ] does not prevent jubilant Haitians from taking to the snowy streets, waving flags, pouring champagne† (Benoit 35). Like the soccer game, they celebrated. Something good has happened, an occurrence that for Haitians does not come too often. hink this is perfectly sequenced in order to convey In â€Å"Adieu Miles and Good-bye Democracy†, Patrick Sylvain shows us that the hope he has in his country becoming a democracy is more important to him than his family. Even though he does give up his role as a father to take that of a political activist, he does question himself on whether he made the right decision and if he even made a difference in Haitian pol itics. All these different voices come together to express the potency of the hope of Haitian Americans. The hope Haitians have prevails over death. Although many Haitians seem to be very hopeful in life, there most certainly are those few that through death triggered hope, and ultimately resorting to suicide. In â€Å"Something in the Water†¦ Reflections of a Peoples Journey†, Nikol Payen tells us of a woman that could not bear with the suffering being on the boat with her infant and gave up on life, plunging into the ocean, never to be heard of again. Although she did not fight to continue, we have to understand the hardships dealt on a daily basis. The boy telling the author the story of the aunt that had jumped off the boat, gains hope from seeing this act. He resorts to trusting Payen and getting onto the ship, hoping that he would get a better ending than the aunt. In Marie Ketsia Theodore-Pharel’s essay â€Å"Haiti: A Cigarette Burning at Both Ends†, the title alone gives the essay an ethos of lost hope, that no matter what Haiti will, in comparison to a cigarette, burn at both ends, choking any possibilities of having hope. In the end, Thurel died, simple as that. Mr. Thurel â€Å"had made the ultimate sacrifice†, his journey had ended, but his death triggered the author of the essay to think, and other could have been influenced too. Therefore his death had made an impact on people enough to maybe give them hope to do better, and not turn out haw he had. Theodore- Pharel is contemplating whether Mr. Thurel had died for no cause, and this makes her question her love for Haiti. Being given a hopeless title, but opening the essay with an anecdote from her past that shows the story of a martyr that obviously impacted her, makes me think of the essay as being contradictory. Thurel’s suicide, as the suicide of the woman on the boat, is because of the difficulties that they were dealing with in their lives. However, in Thurel’s suicide we see more of him being somewhat of a martyr. Thurel said himself in this essay that he was to â€Å"offer myself in holocaust for the complete liberation of my country† (Pharel 83). He died for his country , as had past fighters: Dessalines and Christophe. Like they once did, he had hope for his country, and as did Sylvain, which was mentioned before. Hope does not stop at death, especially considering the fact that Haitians believe that a person does not really die, their soul lives on. And even after death, there is always hope for future generations. Many of the authors of these essays have grown up in the United States, coming from Haitian-born parents. These parents hoped for their children to be successful. They did not want their children to have to go through what they had been. These authors, now mostly accomplished , are the epitome of a Haitian American, or of the Haitian dyaspora. Finding â€Å"success in exile†, whether it be to learn a lesson as Sandy Alexandre did in Exiled when she was tricked by her mother to go to Haiti to teach her a lesson to respect her elders, or finding exile as a motivator to become successful (Dreyfus 58). Having been sent to to Haiti, Dreyfus realizes she has to be thankful for what she had, not just take it for granted, seeing that not everyone had the same privileges as she did back in her home in America. In â€Å"Home is†¦ Sophia Cantave, currently a professor at Tufts University, is perplexed if â€Å"perhaps my mother had given birth to me so that I could do all the things that she never did† (170). As an educated woman, she is proud of having succeeded, making her mom proud, yet she is disconnected from her mother, her native land. This hope given to future generations , of the children of Haitian migrants to the United States, is in a way disconnecting them from Haiti. Hope is an exuberant trait among Haitian Americans. Those that had grown up in a place very different from their mother country, as well as those still in Haiti and even in the journey to migrate faced many dilemmas. As Haitians, going from fighting France to win their independence and always having this background of a turbulent government, they will always turn to hope. All they can do is hope, hope for the best , as their ancestors had done in the past and as they continued to do so. And from that hope, become a proud Haitian, because despite their past, they overcame it. They are left alone in this new world, with only hope at their side to help them continue. How to cite Hopefully Looking Into the Future: Haiti, Essay examples

Process of Updating Conceptual Framework-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Does the Current accounting framework meet the needs of the users of financial reports as prescribed in the objective of the Conceptual Framework of Accounting? Answer: Introduction The present study helps in evaluating different factors that drive the culture of an organization along with mechanisms. However, in this specific report, emphasis is placed on comprehending the overall procedure of operation with special orientation to the functionalities of two Australian listed corporation named AGL and Origin Energy. AGL Energy is essentially a publicly listed Australian corporation that delivers energy products as well as services to the entire Australian economy. However, the corporation is engaged in both generation as well as retailing of electricity for both residential as well as commercial usage. On the other hand, Origin Energy is an Australian energy corporation that is headquartered in Sydney. This company is primarily involved in the process of delivering electricity, natural gas, electric vehicle charging, hot water and many others. In essence, the overall study primarily assists in assessing the entire financial declaration of the corporation AGL and the origin energy for the purpose of identification of different measures undertaken by the corporation to support diverse conceptual directives laid down by the AASB (Australian accounting Standards Board). Furthermore, the novice effectually analyses the entire remuneration report, director report along with the corporate governance report presented in the annual report of the company. Conceptual Framework of Accounting for accounting The conceptual framework reflects the aims as well as objectives of financial declarations that is essentially qualitative in nature for rendering vital information. Again, conceptual framework mainly deals with defining, detecting and at the same time enumerating different components of financial announcements as specified under statement of financial position (Rankin et al. 2012). The fundamental aim of the particular general purpose financial reporting is to present financial information to different potential sponsors, diverse creditors along with lenders in a bid to arrive at specific decision. As such, concerned decisions mainly comprise of purchasing as well as selling decisions along with the decision of holding of equity as well as debt instruments mainly in the form of loan or else in other terms of credit. Thus, company announcements sometimes fail to address all the pertinent information that can be useful for all the potential financiers, creditors along with other stake holders of the firm (Reisch et al. 2013). Analysis of the annual statements of the firm AGL Energy and Origin Energy reveals the fact that the company adheres to the particular requirements of the conceptual framework. In particular, the balance sheet projections assist in the process of comprehending the overall financial potion of the firm of the corporation and takes into account two broad factors such as the assets as well as liabilities of the specific corporation (Agl.com.au 2017). In addition to this, this factor also takes into consideration certain other aspects such as the inventory, valuation of the net inventory, and tangible as well as intangible assets, equity of the shareholders along with financial liabilities (Henderson et al. 2015). According to financial declarations presented by the corporation, it can be hereby mentioned that the board of the corporation permitted final dividend. Again, it is also imperative to take into consideration the dividend declarations that subsequently render important informati on for the potential shareholders of the corporations. In this context it can be hereby stated that the primary aim of the financial reporting of both the corporations is to acquire favourable rating (credit). Process of updating conceptual framework As such, in order to develop conceptual structure or framework it is important for the IASB to eliminate diverse references from the basic concepts of prudence. However, benefits or else advantages of financial pronouncements primarily refers to specific notions of prudence presented in a conceptual framework (Beattie 2014). Essentially, this helps in maintaining specific information together with neutrality of actions. General Purpose Financial Statements for different users in arriving at financial decisions as per AASB framework Assets: Analysis of the annual report of the firm Origin Energy reveals the fact that the net assets of the firm has increased from $14159 m during 2015 to $14530 m during 2016. The report mentions that the management system of the firm Origin Energy function to determine that the assets of the corporation are properly designed, safely functioned and at the same time appropriately maintained (Edmonds et al. 2016). Again, critical evaluation of the annual declaration of the firm AGL Energy reflects the fact that the new assets of the firm has declined to $14604 m during 2016 from $15833 m during 2015. Management of AGL is also undertaking a thorough assessment of the entire asset portfolio and targets approximately $1 billion in non-strategic as well as under-performing asset divestment by the end of the year 2017 (Agl.com.au 2017). Tangible and Intangible Assets According to the annual pronouncements of the company Origin Energy, it can be hereby mentioned that AASB 116 for specifically plant, property as well as equipment together with AASB 138 for particularly intangible assets provide the directives for analysing depreciation as well as amortisation (Di Pietr et al. 2015). The intangible assets of the firm AGL Energy is registered to be $3232 m during the year 2016 as compared to $3266 recorded during the year 2015. However, the total assets of the firm is recorded to be $14604 m during 2016 as compared to the figure $15833 m registered during the year ago period that is 2015. Thus, it can be said that the intangible assets of the firm has declined during the year 2016 when compared to the figure of the previous year. However for the entire group operations, the depreciation and amortisation is recorded to be (280) during the year 2016 and (238) during the year 2015 (Agl.com.au 2017). On the other hand, the intangible asset of the company Origin Energy is recorded to be $5366 m during the year 2016 as compared to the year ago period of $5481 m in 2015. However, the total assets of the corporation Origin Energy is registered to be $28898 m in the year 2016 and $33367 m in the year 2015 (Originenergy.com.au 2017). Thus, it can be hereby mentioned that the total assets of the company Origin Energy has declined considerably during the period 2016 as compared to the year ago period. Again, depreciation and amortisation expense of the company Origin Energy is registered to be (624) during 216 while the same is recorded to be (807) during 2015 (Originenergy.com.au 2017). However, analysis of the report also reflects that there is a depreciation rate for both the current as well as comparative period for all the categories of assets as mentioned below: Origin Energy (Source: Originenergy.com.au 2017) Accounts Receivable According to the annual declaration of the corporation AGL, accounts receivable was recorded to be $ 1975 m in the year 2016 as compared to $1894 m in the year 2015 (Agl.com.au 2017). This refers to the fact that trade receivable is identified normally at fair value and is calculated at amortized cost by utilizing interest mechanism after making allowance for impairment. Essentially, it is important to comprehend the fact that diverse users of financial information analyse information as presented in the financial declaration along with assessment of items for presenting the financial decisions (Rankin et al. 2012). On the other hand, analysis of the financial declaration of the firm Origin Energy reveals the fact that receivable is registered to be $1945 m during 2016 as compared to $2045 m during the year 2015. In particularly, the trade receivable is presented and recognized at fair value and consequently enumerated at amortised cost after deduction of accumulated impairment losse s (Schaltegger and Burritt 2010). Plant Property and Equipment Analysis of the annual announcement of the corporation AGL Energy Limited reflects the fact that plant, property as well as equipment is registered to be $47 m during the year 2016 as compared to the figure $544 m recorded during the year 2015 (Agl.com.au 2017). Evaluation of the annual report of the firm Origin Energy reveals the fact that the plant, property as well as equipment of the firm is registered essentially at cost after deduction of accumulated depreciation, amortisation along with depletion as well as charges of impairment. In essence, the cost also includes approximated future cost of requisite closure along with rehabilitation (McLeay and Riccaboni 2012). Essentially, the plant, property as well as equipment of the firm is observed to be $5685m during 2016 as compared to the figure $6505m. Analysis of the annual declaration of the firm Origin Energy reveals the fact that the consolidated statements along with the notes are essentially presented in accordance with the Corporations Act of the year 2001. In addition to this, this segment of the report also mentions that the financial statements of the firm presents a true as well as fair view of the financial position of the entire group and complies with the Australian Accounting Standard along with the Corporations Regulation 2001. Apart from this, consolidated financial declarations also mention about the adherence with the International Financial Reporting Standards. This section of the report also shows that directors have been provided declarations obligatory by the section 295 A of the Corporations Act 2001. In addition to this, the directors report of the firm also elucidates in detail about the principal activities of the firm, assessment of diverse operations along with future developments, significant transform ations in the state of affairs, significant events consequent to balance date. In addition to this, this report also states about the dividend declaration of the firm together with the details of the directors and important information on directors as well as company secretaries (Rankin et al. 2012). Again, critical analysis of the annual pronouncement of the firm AGL reveals the fact that the directors of the corporation AGL Energy Limited as per their opinion adhere to the Accounting Standard AASB 1039 Concise Financial Reports. In addition to this, the attached financial declarations as well as notes is derived from the entire financial report of the corporation. In addition to this, this segment of the report tells about the customer focus, dividend declaration of 68 cps (full year dividend), underlying profit ($701 m), and commitment to the community as well as about the people of the organization (Agl.com.au 2017). Prudence As rightly indicated by Solomon et al. (2010), prudence cam be considered as one of the most important concepts referred to as the conservatism principle as well as accounting principle/standard required by a particular accountant for the purpose of registering liabilities along with expenses during realization. In addition to this, prudence is essentially a concept or notion that is required by accountant who are thoughtful about adoption of policies and approximations in overstatements in earning assets of particular entity expenditure during the same time (Marabel-Romo et al. 2017). The conceptual framework also takes into account different uncertainties along with facts as regards events as well as circumstances namely collection of doubtful receivables together with the economic lives of different fixed assets such as the plant, property as well as equipment. In addition to this, there also exists certain uncertainties that can be detected through specific corporate disclosures after properly working out prudence (Maynard 2017). Thus, prudence refers to the notion that is inclusive of certain degree of cautiousness in a manner for proper judgement on level of uncertainty. Shareholder Analysis Overview of overall operations, financial position along with strategies of undertaking business together with management outlook assists in management outlook assists shareholders in acquiring clear understanding as regards financial position of the corporation. However, the review also assists in interpreting financial statements issued by the corporation presented as per directives (Wahlen et al. 2014). Analysis of the report reflects the fact that the board has issued a fully franked final dividend that is equal to 36 cents per share. This shows that the board persistently stresses on improvement of return on equity of shareholders along with the earnings per share by means of heightened concentration on productivity, efficiency along with efficient allocation of capital. Financial overview of the entire firm AGL Energy Limited reflects that the operating earnings of the company has increased from $1126 m in 2015 as compared to $1211 registered in the year 2016. In addition to this, profit has increased from $630 m during the year 2015 as compared to the figure $701 m during the year 2016. Furthermore, dividends per share also increased to 36 cents per share while the full year dividend was registered to be 68 cents per share (Agl.com.au 2017). Again, the return on shareholders was recorded to be 22.3% in the year 2016, while the same was registered to be 14.8% during 2015. Thus, it can be mentioned that return on shareholders has increased during the year 2016. Furthermore, return on equity also escalated to 8.3% during 2016 as against 7.2% recorded during 2015. Thus, it can be hereby inferred that investment on the corporation AGL Energy Limited can be considered to be profitable (Agl.com.au 2017). AGL Energy Limited (Source: Agl.com.au 2017). In addition to this, financial overview of the firm Origin Energy divulges the fact that the underlying profit of the firm is registered to be $635 m during the year 2016 while the same is recorded to be $904 m during the year 2015. This shows that the operating profit of the firm has declined considerably during the year 2016. In addition to this, the dividend per cent is recorded to be 25 cents per share during the year 2015 while the same is recorded to be 10 cents per share during the year 2016. As per the financial report of the firm Origin Energy, it can be hereby concluded that investment in this company can prove to be effective for the shareholders of the corporation. Origin Energy (Source: Originenergy.com.au 2017) Conclusion Founded on the annual statement of the corporation AGL, it can be hereby mentioned that financial results of the corporation was encouraging, while some significant units of the business have failed to improve substantially. On the other hand, the financial outcomes of the firm Origin Energy was quite unsatisfactory. Analysis of the annual report helps in understanding the conceptual structure and the performance of the firm that helps in analysing financial position and their decision from viewpoint of shareholders. References Agl.com.au. 2017. AGL | Electricity Providers | Gas Suppliers | Solar Energy | AGL. [online] Available at: https://www.agl.com.au [Accessed 12 Aug. 2017]. Beattie, V., 2014. Accounting narratives and the narrative turn in accounting research: Issues, theory, methodology, methods and a research framework.The British Accounting Review,46(2), pp.111-134. Di Pietr, A., Art, S. and Ronen, J., 2015.Accounting and regulation. Springer,. Edmonds, T.P., Edmonds, C.D., Tsay, B.Y. and Olds, P.R., 2016.Fundamental managerial accounting concepts. McGraw-Hill Education. Henderson, S., Peirson, G., Herbohn, K. and Howieson, B., 2015.Issues in financial accounting. Pearson Higher Education AU. Marabel-Romo, J., Guiral, A., Crespo-Espert, J.L., Gonzalo, J.A. and Moon, D., 2017. Fair value accounting in the absence of prudence in accounting standards: an illustration with exotic derivatives. Spanish Journal of Finance and Accounting/Revista Espaola de Financiacin y Contabilidad, 46(2), pp.145-167. Maynard, J., 2017. Financial accounting, reporting, and analysis. Oxford University Press. McLeay, S. and Riccaboni, A. eds., 2012.Contemporary issues in accounting regulation. Springer Science Business Media. Originenergy.com.au. 2017. Electricity Providers Gas Suppliers - Origin Energy. [online] Available at: https://www.originenergy.com.au [Accessed 12 Aug. 2017]. Rankin, M., Stanton, P.A., McGowan, S.C., Ferlauto, K. and Tilling, M., 2012.Contemporary issues in accounting. Milton, Australia: Wiley. Rankin, M., Stanton, P.A., McGowan, S.C., Ferlauto, K. and Tilling, M., 2012.Contemporary issues in accounting. Milton, Australia: Wiley. Rankin, M., Stanton, P.A., McGowan, S.C., Ferlauto, K. and Tilling, M., 2012.Contemporary issues in accounting. Milton, Australia: Wiley. Reisch, L., Eberle, U. and Lorek, S., 2013. Sustainable food consumption: an overview of contemporary issues and policies.Sustainability: Science, Practice, Policy,9(2). Schaltegger, S. and Burritt, R., 2010.Contemporary environmental accounting: issues, concepts and practice. Greenleaf Publishing. Solomon, J.F., Solomon, A., Norton, S.D. and Joseph, N.L., 2010. A conceptual framework for corporate risk disclosure emerging from the agenda for corporate governance reform.The British Accounting Review,32(4), pp.447-478. Wahlen, J., Baginski, S. and Bradshaw, M., 2014. Financial reporting, financial statement analysis and valuation. Nelson Education.